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All right, folks, thank you for waiting what we had a little bit of a longer break.

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With this next talk from vibrant to silent, the names of pattern of communities are seeing

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these days that activity can look really great on paper, issues, PRs, downloads, but then

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the community voice feels quieter.

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There's fewer discussions, fewer volunteers, and less visible ownership.

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So please welcome Prithi Raj, who's going to explore what might be driving the shift and

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what community leaders can do to re-engage people in all the different ways.

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Good afternoon, everyone, where you want me to come to my talk.

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Usually what happens is if I'm giving a talk at a conference on a Sunday afternoon,

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I'll see hardly two people attend that talk, but glad so many people are joining in.

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I won't treat this as a talk, it's more of a rant to be honest.

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I've been a community manager for six years now, and I've seen quite a bit of a transition.

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Let's start with this, this happened a couple of days ago, and this is what is going on

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at most of the companies, AWS as an example.

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They laid off their community team, their community builders program manager, the head

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of AWS community, and this speaks volumes of where we are headed in terms of, you know,

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prioritizing community community initiatives, how most organizations are seeing communities

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or how they're approaching the community mindset.

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And if I have to take a couple of more examples, I mean, these are examples from different

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ecosystems altogether, but how many of you are using ingress, engineers in your infrastructure

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or ecosystems?

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I see a few hands, but I'm sure most of you might be aware, and then people were asked to

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move to get way API because in fact, the sick could not maintain ingress, engineers because

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of lack of contributors, of lack of, maintain a shape, and similarly, when it came to

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contributing to docs, there was this program called Google Season of Docs, I'm sure a few

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of you might be aware of it.

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It lasted for five years, got in some doc contributions, but again, installed around a couple

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of years ago, it concluded there was not amplitude budget, Google was cutting down on some

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of its initiatives.

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I was just entering the campus and someone had pasted a lot of stickers with said

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fun Google.

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So, I mean, I can see there's a sense of change in the community or how they have

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a mindset towards companies or companies, how they are taking community initiatives forward

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with this quick intro about myself, my name is Pichiraj, I'm a CNCF ambassador.

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This has been my journey, I usually run platform engineering community meetups around

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Bangalore and other than that, some community initiatives.

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I've mostly been involved with the CNCF, I know that a lot of folks who are attending

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this conference are not well-versed with CNCF, but just a show of hands, how many of you

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are worst with CNCF or CNCF projects.

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A few folks, because we'll be discussing the state of CNCF projects in terms of open-source

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project health, so just a quick intro about myself.

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Usually this is the slide I use, what's on the agenda, we will find out, but today I have

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built some what an agenda for all of us, what we'll talk about, we'll define community

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in this talk or what I want to suggest in terms of what's community and how community

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has developed or what's the future for the community looking like.

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And of course, we'll talk about symptoms, what's happening, how project health have improved

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or gone down, we'll look at some examples, root causes and can we bring back the community

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voice.

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So before I start, let me quote one of these quotes from 1600s, which is still valid,

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I believe each and every member present here, drives the community community is like a

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ship and you need to take the community forward.

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When I say things have gone silent or from vibrant community, we have moved towards silence.

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I believe one of the most important things that have happened is we are seeing that we are

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growing in terms of numbers, there are a lot of contributors coming in, GitHub comes in with

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an October, CNCF comes in with an annual survey, many Azure comes in with a survey, there

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are many community events happening, QCorn is growing in terms of numbers, members.

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But I feel that the main community, which is the maintainers, the contributors and the users,

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there's a burnout, I have noticed that the amount of contributors that were part of one

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project they have reduced, there's one particular company that is sponsoring a project or

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that is running ship for a project, maintainer burnout is a very important aspect today,

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maintainers are getting burned out, maintainers are asked to focus more on end user products

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projects and that's where I feel that the shift from the community mindset has changed and

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we have moved towards more of a proprietary mindset and community has become a bi-product

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of it.

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And that's how I define community, I think it's a definition which is open to acceptance

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by each and every person in the community, I feel that a community is built of three layers,

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of course the layer number one is users, people are consuming the projects, layer number

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to the contributors who are helping build the project and of course the maintainers who

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are helping maintain the project, helping build the road maps, take care of security,

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release management and these three aspects in itself have problems at individual levels,

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the real challenge of course today is the change in business dynamics, there's a lack

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of community mindset, a lot of companies which started off with the community team have shifted,

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I'll give you an example of myself, I was working for a company where I had my manager

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who was the head of community and suddenly one day the company decided that we don't

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want to have a community team anymore, during lunch we discussed that we'll have a couple

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of sprints, we'll talk about a lot of things around community and by evening my manager

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was fired, so that's how the community mindset is shifting, there's a misinterpretation

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of community people believe that there's a community, of course there's a community for each

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and every tool but people believe that you can build community around anything or everything

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and that's where people are focused more on building community on end user tools rather than

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building, having the community or the open source mindset and of course there are too many events,

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too many channels, I saw there are it's just February and there are already 1500 conferences

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scheduled for this year and we are just in February, so of course there are a lot of events

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that are happening but are we talking community are we talking open source, I still feel that

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the lines are actually blurred in today's ecosystem, so we'll of course discuss three problems,

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maintain a contributor and user problems, so the idea today is that most of the open source projects

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are many critical versus projects depend on a very small maintainer set, there are four maintainers

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who are maintaining the project, they are the contributors itself, the users, raise some fixes,

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enhancements or a PR or an issue here and there but there's no major contribution that's happening,

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of course maintainer burnout is a spoke about it's one of the major reasons,

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maintainers are asked to focus on security, we are moving towards more secure software

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and CVs dependencies that adds as a major risk and of course once there's a maintainer burnout

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the project suffers, similarly there's a contributor problem, I have seen a lot of folks joining

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the community, they want to contribute to projects but they are not clear on how they can

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actually gain from it, they don't want to stick to a single project, many people are job seekers,

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they want to contribute to a project in terms of mentorship or getting a job eventually from

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the sponsor company but that that doesn't stick for long and contributors move away from projects

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and of course there's a mentorship problem as well, I see there are a lot of mentorship projects

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which have mentors but mentors don't eventually have time to help these mentees become

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core contributors to the project or there's an incentive shift of course,

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where from a contribution standpoint folks are moved to a capture,

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mine share rather than actually focusing on good contributions,

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so these are examples of two CNCF projects and there are many CNCF projects out there,

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I have just taken two examples, the health is adhered, health is excellent but you see the red

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flags there, the contributor dependency and the organization dependency, there's one contributor

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which accounts for 51 plus percent of contributions for contour and for Falco we have four

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contributors and just one organization that is doing most of the contributions and if you see most

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of the OSS projects in the CNCF landscape CD foundation or other landscapes, it's barely five

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to six contributors who are running the project, it's one or at max two organizations that

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account for most of the contributions to the project and that's not healthy because if one

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organization falls or a few contributors are a couple of maintainers decide to not contribute to

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the project, the project falls and the user problem of course end users want to consume the project,

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they are not ready to contribute back, communities are not getting any automation, they don't want

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to support the users, many companies have stopped investing in open source projects and it's again

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become hard to enter for many companies as well, as I spoke about 1500 conferences, schedule already,

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there's an event inflation, I mean I think for them would be one opportunity that I got to present

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this land but many conferences might not even accept this talk because they feel it's a it's a violation

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but of course we are talking about more tools, more contributions but has it reflected in reality

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this is a metric that I have generated according to the conferences that I have attended

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the people that we have come across or the people we met at

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conference boots hardly 1% of the conference attendees eventually contribute back to the project,

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they'll come to your boots, they'll get their swag, they'll get their stickers but never come back

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to contribute, the attendance to contribute contribution conversion rate has been minimal until now

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so this sponsors sustainability challenges the issue like our company is creating this challenge

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as I spoke about the end users don't want to contribute back to the project, there is an open source

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mismatch, they believe that the open source model should make them money but if it does not or if

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they are not moving towards that kind of a direction they pull the plug and decide to not

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contribute to the project, there are a lot of folks who don't have a community team or an open source

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program office and that's where there's a mindset mismatch so how companies control projects

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this is true to many projects that are out there they ensure that the the sponsor company is

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having control over the open source project even if you see that it's open source it's hosted

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by the CNCF the image out there the maintainers who the of course I being paid by these companies

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are forced to drive road map according to them there's an unclear governance or maintainer paths

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not a lot of contributions are allowed even if an end user wants to contribute something which

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is beneficial for the community there are blockers or these issues don't get mitigated or

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PRs are not merged within particular timelines and features are prioritized according to

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the companies the sponsor company is benefit or the product strategy and that I believe is the

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largest threat flag today it has I mean cease to exist for the longest of the time but that's

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that I believe is the biggest threat flag that an open source project can have and that's where

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democratizing is essential the stakeholders need to be defined maintainers as soon as they start

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their project or believe that there can be possible threats they need to ensure that multiple

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maintainers from different companies exist they are building the contribute a pool and they are

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ensuring that your projects have the right stakeholders so that even if there's pressure from

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companies there's a possible stoppage of sponsorship towards the project the project stays on

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here's my personal experience I I don't want to read out a lot of it but in recent times

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I believe that there's been an empathy that's missing in in the community or from community events

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itself whenever I go towards organizing a community event or reach out to folks on ensuring that

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a community event sustains does well they talk about sponsorship but they don't talk about the

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the contributor value or the output a contributor street the community more as for their personal

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PR they want to showcase different images on LinkedIn or Slack that we are creating value but

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the real value creation I feel has been diminished and community initiatives are not growing I saw

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one of these mentorship programs their stipend has not grown in the last 6 years I mean if I

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talk about India the inflation is 7% and for 2% I mean should have grown in 6 years but the

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stipend has not grown even 1% in the last 6 years and that doesn't incentivize mentees and of

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course there's a lot of reliance on AI most of the folks out there are using AI to complete their

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mentorship programs or contribute code where the code quality as you know suffers of course

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so I'll take an example this is a community that I worked for for five years it's the chaos

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engineering community today this Slack does not exist at one point in time it had 10,000 for

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and 10,000 plus members and I'll I'll cite some instances or reasons why it happened of course

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these were the three community events that were happening all three of them are shut I think

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somewhere converted to proprietary or enterprise native events but what really happened

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of course the community Slack was disbanded there was a white paper that was being worked on or

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research paper that was essential for the community to grow for people to understand what's

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about chaos engineering and this is more from an open source community perspective that I'm speaking

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of most prominent projects suffered we'll we'll see a couple of graphs as well there were no

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mentorship programs or even if there are mentorship programs hardly the mentors have found time to

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contribute or help mentees grow of course the platforms to advocate reduced today if I have to

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talk about prominent conferences even the maintainer track talks are not getting accepted and that's

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kind of sad for the community and of course community events as I spoke about stall

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contributor retention has diminished and you barely see the folks who were contributing

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and they were stalwarts like Disney HBO they are not contributing to the community anymore

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so you see this is one of the most popular chaos engineering projects and this is how

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contributions diminished over time this is one of the graphs of commits and how commits have

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lowered it it was in its prime around 2021 when I was contributing to the community itself

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but this is what has happened and this is the same with chaos toolkit the project is not growing

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anymore there are no contributions post-training 24 and this speaks volumes of how many ecosystems

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many community is suffering we might not see it out there because there are flashy projects as well

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which are important to end users which are important to sell and they are of course getting much

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of the attention much of the contributions but many projects and even a project like flux I'm sure

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some of you might be aware of flux you saw the example early I talked about health as soon as

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we've worked stopped there was a concern on how flux moves forward in spite of being a CNC

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graduated project and a few of you might know what CNC of graduation means and this is what we

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see in terms of commits of course it peaked around 2021 that was the peak for a lot of open

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source projects people were sitting at home contributing left and right but you see the red mark

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is where the company closed down and then again the yellow mark speaks about how commits are again

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getting reduced in spite of some other companies trying to invest in the project or hiring the

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maintainers to to maintain the project itself and there are multiple stories of projects getting

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archive there are a lot of stats that people talk about projects that came into the particular

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organization or people talk about projects that graduated but you see these are the projects that

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got archived and how their contributions started at immediately like at one point in time they were

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growing like anything and immediately once the maintainership stopped there was no one else to take

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over the project these are just couple of examples there are many examples out there in the last

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two and half years 22 projects where archive which basically means there was no one to maintain

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the project health was almost zero or close to zero so what does the future look like I hope I

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have a minute or two with me and according to me if we move at the same pace of course contributions

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will be centered around certain projects your VLLMs, Olamah, Kubernetes and other projects which

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of course sub-serve enterprise interest but many budding projects might not make it there are so

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many projects out there that are looking for contributors, maintainers and I believe that it's

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it's on us to help them grow and of course commercial events might define what the OSS community

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looks like but not the real events of course I believe in sticking to the basics this is these are

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some steps that can just kick start this initiative collaborating with other open source projects

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ensuring that there is enough contributors to the participation having a community champion program

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if you run an open source community so that you keep ensuring that there are people who want to

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get involved in technical or non-technical contributions and try to run more community centric events

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of course I have just structured this at a community level there are various steps that can be taken

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of course content is king putting it out there continuously that there's a community and this is what

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is being done it can be releases it can be talking about tooling integrations organizing meetups

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on the larger ecosystem or the overall outreach and ensuring that you analyze your matrix

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regularly and these are some points this is completely personal or opinionated but yeah this is what

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you can do to bring back your voice I cannot read it through because we are almost in time but yeah

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the list is non exhaustive and I hope we can have larger discussions on ensuring that the voice

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stays and the community keeps growing so this is the last coat I have this is not by someone

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from 1600s but AI generated but thank you so much for participating and I appreciate the large

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audience here on a Sunday afternoon when people mostly want to grab lunch thank you so much for joining

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in I appreciate it we have we have a few minutes for questions any questions

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just raise your hand I will come to you with the mic okay we have a feel like Oprah

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thank you very nice talk do you see this is an overall trend across the entire open source

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ecosystem that projects are dying out or are there just some projects dying while new ones are

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also being born I agree to this fact that some projects are dying and some projects are again

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I mean you see a lot of projects coming in the ecosystem as I spoke about that contributors are

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growing but I also sense that the projects that are dying are higher in number in terms of quality

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like there are quality projects which are dying but the new projects that are coming in some projects

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whole quality but many of them might not hold the quality in comparison to the projects that

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are getting killed or not being maintained anymore and why I speak highly of it is because of course

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I feel that that's the chain or that's the life cycle that opensource in itself has that new

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projects will come in many projects will phase out but why I share this concern is because I see

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that this is coming in as a repeated pattern and once things become a pattern it it doesn't take

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time to you know just inject into the ecosystem so that's why I share this concern

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any other questions anyone oh oh you take how do you suggest a sponsor companies and users

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help this problem what can they do if they're not contributing I think it has to be a mindset

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shift because mostly companies are looking at an ROI how many leads are we generating how many

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people will eventually pay for the tool but I think this mindset needs to change and that's where

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I suggested having a community or an open source program of a sort of a mindset where people see

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the real value of tooling or the larger ecosystem and if I am sponsoring a conference or if I want to

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engage more with the community it should be more about yes I am putting value to open source or

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I believe in the community mindset rather than eventually looking at your lead count and feeling

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disappointed that we don't have five paying customers or calls eventually so I feel it has to be

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a mindset shift rather than just getting into task but hopefully with time we see people because

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I feel around 2019 through 2022 or 2021 there was a huge open source mindset boom which I personally

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noticed and then slowly it has been facing out in the last two and half three years but

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hopefully we again see that mindset shift and more emphasis on open source of course

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I think one more quick question if anyone has one raise your hand okay I'm going to move really

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quickly raise your hand one more time and so I can zero my time don't you think that like in

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most of the projects that have the situation at some point of time they basically die

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isn't it related also to how the governance of this project was shaped and it's working

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because like I remember when I joined one of the projects and I had this electricity that I got paid

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to work on the project and we had like pretty strong team but what we did from the very beginning

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was we kind of set up the team and we first simulated what's going to happen to the project once

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we get laid off like it happened three years ago so we from the very beginning we're always

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pushing for a governance where like whatever features we're adding it's always in open it's always

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like trying to really build an open governance where like again simulating what's going to happen

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once we were laid off and what do you think about this governance absolutely I absolutely agree with you

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actually and I'm so sorry to put everyone off but we're we're out of time and there's a

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cue of people outside of the gate into the next session so we need these five minutes to turn that

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thank you so much everyone I do

